ANALISIS KORELASI DAN SIDIK LINTAS ANTARA KARAKTER MORFOLOGI DAN KOMPONEN BUAH TANAMAN NENAS (Ananas comosus L. Merr.) GENETIC CORRELATION AND PATH ANALYSIS BETWEEN MORPHOLOGICAL AND FRUIT COMPONEN CHARACTERS OF PINEAPPPLE (Ananas comosus L. Merr.)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

   Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari korelasi genetik antara karakter morfologi dan karakter komponen buah nenas menggunakan sidik lintas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter kedudukan daun dan daun berduri berasosiasi dengan tebal daging buah. Tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun,  dan lebar daun  berkorelasi positif dan nyata dengan diameter buah.  Diameter buah bersama tinggi tanaman, diameter tajuk, dan lebar daun berkorelasi positif dan nyata terhadap bobot buah.  Tinggi tanaman, jumlah shoot, umur panen, panjang tangkai buah, jumlah spiral, diameter buah, tebal daging buah, diameter empulur dan total asam mampu menjelaskan ragam bobot buah sebesar 82.8%. Hasil analisis lintas menunjukan bahwa tinggi tanaman, panjang tangkai buah, diameter buah, tebal daging buah dan total asam mempunyai pengaruh langsung positif terhadap bobot buah. Jumlah shoot dan umur panen mempunyai pengaruh tidak langsung melalui diameter buah dan total asam terhadap bobot buah. Duduk daun terbuka dan karakter duri pada daun dapat dijadikan kriteria seleksi untuk perbaikan karakter tebal daging buah dan panjang tangkai buah dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi untuk perbaikan bobot buah.

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to study the genetic correlation and path analysis between morphological characters and fruit component characters of pineapple. The results of the research show that the foliage attitude and leaf spines were  associated with flesh thickness. The correlation analysis showed that plant height, leaf number and   leaf width  had  positively and siqnificantly correlation  with fruit diameter. The fruit diameter together plant height, canopy diameter and leaf width have positively and siqnificantly correlated with fruit weight.  Plant height, number of shoot, days to harvest, peduncle lenght, fruit diameter, flesh thickness, core diameter, and total acid  contribute  to  fruit weight. The value of it contribution was about 82.8 %. Based on path analysis, characters plant height, peduncle length, fruit width, flesh thickness, and total acid have positive direct effect on fruit weight. The results also showed that number of shoot and days to harvest had indirect effect on fruit weight. The foliage attitude and leaf spines characters can be selected as criteria to improve flesh thickness character and peduncle length can be  selected as criteria to improve fruit weight.