PENINGKATAN HASIL JAGUNG HIBRIDA VAR. BISI-2 DENGAN APLIKASI PUPUK KANDANG SAPI DAN PENINGKATAN FREKUENSI PEMBERIAN UREA DAN CAMPURAN SP-36 DAN KCl INCREASING YIELD OF HYBRID MAIZE VAR. BISI-2 THROUGH APPLICATION OF CATTLE MANURE AND AN INCREASE IN APPLICATION FREQUENCIES OF UREA AND MIXTURE OF SP-36 AND KCl FERTILIZERS

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pada umumnya anjuran pemberian pupuk N pada jagung hibrida adalah 3 kali sedangkan pupuk P dan K sebagai pupuk dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dan peningkatan frekuensi pemberian pupuk Urea dan campuran pupuk SP-36 dan KCl dapat meningkatkan hasil tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) Hibrida var. Bisi-2. Percobaan dilaksanakan di lapangan, yang ditata menurut Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 3 faktor pelakuan, yaitu pemberian pupuk kandang, frekuensi pemberian Urea, dan frekuensi pemberian campuran SP-36 dan KCl. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung, terutama jumlah daun hijau selama fase pengisian biji (63-84 hst), mempercepat umur keluar malai dan rambut tongkol serta meningkatkan hasil, komponen hasil dan indeks panen; (2) Peningkatan frekuensi pemberian pupuk Urea dari 3 kali menjadi 4 kali, juga meningkatkan hasil biji dan berat 1000 biji; (3) Peningkatan frekuensi pemberian campuran pupuk SP-36 dan KCl pada umumnya tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata, namun ada kecenderungan bahwa pemberian 2 kali lebih baik daripada pemberian hanya sekali pada saat tanam; (4) Kombinasi pemberian pupuk kandang sapi, pemberian Urea 4 kali dan pemberian campuran SP-36 dan KCl 2 kali memberikan hasil tertinggi dibandingkan dengan yang lainnya.

ABSTRACT

            In general, recommendation for application of N fertilizer to hybrid maize is three times while for P and K fertilizers it is only once at planting. This research was aimed to examine if application of cattle manure and increasing frequency of Urea as well as SP-36 and KCl fertilizers can increase maize yield. A field experiment was conducted according to Completely Randomized Block Design, with three treatment factors, i.e. cattle manure application, frequency of Urea application, and frequency of application of SP-36 and KCl fertilizers. Results indicate that (1) application of cattle manure increased maize growth, especially number of green leaves during seed-filling period (63-84 DAP), fastened anthesis and silking and increased grain yield, yield components and harvest index; (2) increasing frequency of Urea application also increased grain yield and weight of 1000 seeds; (3) increasing the frequency of SP-36 and KCl applications, however, in general did not show significant effects, but there was a tendency that twice application was better than only once at planting. The treatment of cattle manure application combined with 4 times application of Urea and twice application of combination of SP-36 and KCl fertilizers resulted in the highest grain yield.