PENGARUH DOSIS APLIKASI Arthrobotrys dactyloides DALAM PELLET GUM-ARABIK TERHADAP PENETRASI MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA PADA AKAR, PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TOMAT EFFECTS OF APPLICATION RATES OF Arthrobotrys dactyloides IN GUM-ARABIC PELLETS ON MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA PENETRATION ON ROOT, GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO

Abstract

ABSTRAK

            Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efektifitas Arthrobotrys dactyloides dalam formulasi pellet gum-arabik untuk mengendalikan nematoda di dalam tanah. Pelet dengan kualitas yang baik diproduksi. Percobaan pot disiapkan untuk menguji pengaruh dosis aplikasi terhadap penetrasi Meloidogyne javanica pada akar, pertumbuhan, dan hasil tanaman tomat. Pellet diaplikasikan dengan empat dosis yang berbeda; 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% (b/b). Pot tanpa pellet disiapkan sebagai control. Percobaan dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan bibit tomat berumur 20 hari. Pengamatan dilakukan pada parameter jumlah puru, jumlah kantung telur, tinggi tanaman, panjang akar, berat basah tanaman, berat kering tanaman, jumlah buah dan berat buah. Percobaan dilaksanakan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan lima ulangan tiap perlakuan. Data dianalisa dengan Analisis Keragaman. Bilamana rasio keragaman berbeda nyata, maka rata-rata perlakuan diuji lanjut dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil pada taraf nyata 5%. Hasil percobaan menunjukkann bahwa kecuali dosis 0,2% (b/b), semua dosis pellet yang mengandung A. dactyloides secara nyata mengurangi jumlah puru dan jumlah kantung telur M. javanica, yang berakibat pada peningkatan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat.

ABSTRACT

            This study aimed at determining the effectiveness of A. dactyloides formulated in gum arabic pellets in controlling nematodes in soil. Pellets with good characteristics were produced. Pot experiments were set to test effects of rate of application on M. javanica penetration on root, growth, and yield of tomato. Pellets were applied at four different rates of application; 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% (w/w). Pots with no pellets were prepared as controls. The experiment was conducted with 20-day tomato seedlings in pots. Observation was taken for number of galls, number of egg masses, plant height, root length, plant wet-weight, plant dry-weight, number of fruits, and fruit weight. The experiment was conducted with Completely Randomized Design with five replicates each. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance. When the variance ratio (F) was significant, means for each treatment in each experiment was separated using a least significant difference test at 5% significant level. Results of experiments showed that except treatment 0.2% (w/w), all dosage treatments of pellets containing A. dactyloides significantly reduced number of galls and number of egg masses of M. javanica, resulted in improvement of tomato growth and yield.