KAJIAN KEMAJUAN SELEKSI MASSA SECARA INDEPENDENT CULLING LEVEL HINGGA SIKLUS KEDUA PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG (STUDY OF MASS SELECTION ADVANCE THROUGH INDEPENDENT CULLING LEVEL UP TO SECOND CYCLE ON MAIZE)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kemajuan seleksi massa yang dilakukan secara independent culling level  dengan dua cara terhadap umur panen, daya hasil dan berangkasan segar. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak lengkap kelompok dengan 4 kali ulangan. Perlakuannya sebanyak 6 populasi, yaitu P₀, P_1.1, P_1.2, P_2.1, P_2.2 dan varietas unggul Sukmaraga. Data percobaan dianalisis dengan sidik ragam pada taraf nyata 5 persen. Kemajuan seleksi diperoleh dari koefisien regresi linear antara sifat yang diamati dengan siklus seleksi. Pengujian rerata menggunakan uji lanjut BNT0,05.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemajuan seleksi massa secara independent culling level per siklus sifat umur panen cara I sebesar -1,775 hari dan cara II, -2,250  hari; keduanya bersifat linear nyata. Kemajuan seleksi sifat hasil (berat biji kering pipil per plot) cara I, 0,544 kg dan cara II,  0,711 kg; keduanya bersifat linear tidak nyata; sedangkan untuk sifat berat berangkasan segar cara I sebesar   26,112 g dan cara II,  28,962 g per tanaman dan keduanya juga bersifat linear tidak nyata. Rerata umur panen hasil seleksi siklus kedua cara I (77,70 hari) dan cara II (76,75 hari)  lebih genjah dibandingkan dengan umur panen populasi awal dan varietas unggul Sukmaraga; sedangkan sifat lainnya belum berubah.

ABSTRACT

 The objectives of research were to determine the advance of mass selection conducted through independent culling level with two manners to maturity date, yield  and greenfresh manure. Design used in this research was randomized completely block design with 4 replications. The treatment consisted of 6 populations, i.e. P₀, P_1.1, P_1.2, P_2.1, P_2.2, and superior variety Sukmaraga. The observed data was analyzed using analysis of variance on 5% significant level. Selection advance was gained through linear regression coefficient between observed traits and selection cycles.  Test of mean used Least significant Different (LSD) 5%. The result of this research showed that advance of mass selection through independent culling level per cycle of maturity date manner I was -1.775 days and manner II was -2.250 days. Both of them were significantly linear. Selection advance of yield (dry seed weight per plot) manner I was 0.544 kg and manner II was 0.711 kg, both of them was not significantly linear; while for weight of green manure manner I was 26.112 g and manner II was 28.962 g per plant and both of them was not significantly linear. Mean  of  maturity date of second cycle manner I (77.70 days) and manner II (76.75 days) was shorter than  first  population and superior variety Sukmaraga; while  other traits was not change.