PENGARUH JENIS DAN DOSIS NEMATISIDA TERHADAP AKTIFITAS MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA Effects of Types and Dosages of Nematicides on Activities of Meloidogyne javanica

Abstract

Abstrak

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis dan dosis nematisida terhadap tetasnya telur, penetrasi, perkembangan dan reproduksi Meloidogyne javanica. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, percobaan tersarang. Tiga jenis nematisida (furadan, petrofur, dan basamid) dengan tiga dosis (0,05; 0,125; dan 0,2 g/kg media) diuji. Untuk penetasan telur, percobaan dilakukan pada media agar yang diperlakukan nematisida dalam cawan Petri yang ditaburi 100 telur M. javanica, dan J2 yang menetas diamati mulai 1 hari setelah inokulasi (hsi) selama 10 hari. Percobaan untuk penetrasi, perkembangan dan reproduksi dilakukan pada bibit tanaman tomat yang berumur 15 hari pada polybag dengan 1 kg tanah yang diinokulasi dengan 200 telur M. javanica dan diperlakukan dengan nematisida. Jumlah J2 yang penetrasi akar diamati 15 hsi. Sedangkan perkembangan dan reproduksi nematoda diamati 30 hsi. Untuk tiap percobaan disiapkan lima ulangan. Data hasil percobaan dianalisa dengan analisis keragaman dan dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata terkecil pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nematisida petrofur, furadan dan basamid efektif menekan semua aktifitas M. javanica dengan penekanan tertinggi didapatkan pada perlakuan dengan nematisida basamid. Tingkat penekanan aktifitas M. javanica semakin tinggi dengan peningkatan dosis nematisida.

Abstract

Research aimed at knowing effects of types and dosages of nematicides on egg hatching, penetration, development, and reproduction of Meloidogyne javanica. The study was done with completely randomized design, nested experiment. Three types of nematicides (furadan, petrofur, and basamid) with three dosages (0.05; 0.125; and 0.2 g/kg medium) were tested. The experiment for egg hatching was conducted on nematicides treated agar in Petri dish spread with 100 eggs of M. javanica, and J2 hatching was recorded since one day after inoculation (dai) for 10 days. For penetration, development, and reproduction, experiments were carried out on 15-day-old tomato seedlings grown in polybag with 1 kg soil invested with 200 eggs of M. javanica and treated with nematicides. Whilst numbers of J2 penetrated roots were observed 15 dai, development and reproduction of nematodes were recorded 30 dai. Each experiment was provided with five replicates. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance followed by least significant different test at 5% level. Results of experiments showed that all nematicides; furadan, petrofur, and basamid were effective in suppressing all activities of M. javanica with the highest level of suppression was resulted from basamid treatment. Levels of activity suppression were in accordance with dosages of nematicide tested.