EFEKTIVITAS POLIETILENA GLIKOL DAN MANITOL SEBAGAI AGENS PENYELEKSI IN VITRO UNTUK CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EMBRIO SOMATIK KACANG TANAH EFFECTIVENESS OF POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL AND MANITOL AS IN VITRO SELECTIVE AGENS FOR DROUGHT STRESS AGAINST PEANUT SOMATIC EMBRYO GROWTH

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penggunaan seleksi in vitro merupakan alternatif untuk mendapatkan tanaman toleran cekaman kekeringan. Seleksi in vitro dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan polietilena glikol (PEG) atau manitol sebagai selective agent untuk mengidentifikasi sel atau jaringan tanaman kacang tanah yang insensitif karena PEG atau manitol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh polietilena glikol (PEG) atau manitol terhadap pertumbuhan embrio somatik kacang tanah. Kalus embriogen dan ES kacang tanah diseleksi pada media selektif MS dengan penambahan agens penyeleksi polietilena glikol (0, 10, 15, 20 %) dan manitol  (0, 1, 3, 5%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan embrio somatik kacang tanah bervariasi tergantung konsentrasi PEG dan manitol yang digunakan. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi agens penyeleksi, semakin terhambat pertumbuhan ES. 

ABSTRACT

Using of somaclonal variation method that followed in vitro selection at plant breeding program could be used as alternative method to create drought tolerant plant. In- vitro selection could be done with apply polyethylene glycol (PEG) or manitol as selective agent to identify peanut plant cell/tissue that insensitive to selective medium containing PEG or manitol. Objective of this research was to know effectiveness of polyethylene glycol and manitol as in vitro selective agens for drought stress against peanut somatic embryo growth. The experiment was inisiated with induction of somaclonal variation in MS medium containing picloram 16 µM. Medium of MS-P16 that added  PEG (0, 10, 15, 20%) and manitol (0, 1, 3, 5%) was used as selective agent for drought stress.   Embriogenic calli were placed on PEG and manitol medium during two.  Results of the experiment  showed somatic embryos (SE) growth in selective medium depended on PEG and manitol concentration. The higher concentration selective agent would be more inhibit SE growth.